论正义与法律的关系及意义

摘要
正义与法律的关系是一个恒久的话题，历代先哲们都进行了深入研究。正义与法律虽然都属于一种上层建筑，但二者在概念和内涵上就有着一些区别，而且在产生来源、调整范围、属性上都存在着较大的差别。古希腊，古罗马时期学者大多数认为正义与法律二者之间关系紧密，相互影响。他们认为凡是法律的就是正义的，法律就是能够完全体现正义的，而且法律就是以追求正义为目的的。然而正义与法律的这种关系并非绝对是高度一致的，很多时候其还受到其他相关因素的影响和制约正义是法律制定的准则，但不表示所有的法律都以正义为准则去制定；法律在某个阶段某个领域体现了正义，但不表示这部法律一定永远可以体现正义，这是会发生变化的，也就是说正义与法律的关系必须在特定的条件下讨论才具有真正的意义。这种关系我们可以叫做正义与法律关系的“相对性”。

关键词:正义 法律 相对性　

The New Theory of Justice and Law
Abstract 
The relationship between the justice and the law is a permanent topic and the Sages in history almost had an thorough study about this. Although the justice and the law belong to superstructure,there’re still a number of differences between them both in concept and content and larger disparity in source, attribute and adjustment of range. the majority of scholars in Ancient Greek and Roman believe that the justice and the law tight closely and affect each other. They believe that the law is equal with the justice and could fully reflect it, and the purpose of the law is namely the justise. However, the relationship between the justice and the law is not absolutely identical because it will be affected by and subject to other related factors .the justice is the criterion of law-making , but that does not mean all the laws will be make on justice;The law reflects the justice at some stages or some fields, but that does not mean the law must always be of justice.the situation will change, which means The discussion of relationship between the justice and the law won’t have real Significance without the specific conditions .This relationship can be called by us the“relativity” of the justice and the law.

Keywords:  Justice;  Law;  Relativity

目    录     9000字
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………I
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………II
前言……………………………………………………………………………………1
     一、正义与法律的内涵…………………………………………………………1
  二、正义与法律的比较…………………………………………………………2
 (一）正义与法律产生的来源上来比较 ………………………………………2
     （二）正义与法律的在调整范围上的比较……………………………………2
（三）正义与法律在属性上的比较 ……………………………………………2
  三、正义与法关系的传统论述  ……………………………………………3
     （一）古希腊、古罗马时期正义与法律关系论 ……………………………3
     （二）古希腊、古罗马时期正义与法律关系论的启示……………………5
      ⒈正义是法律的精神与理论依据 …………………………………………………6
       ⒉法律以当时时代的正义为标准 …………………………………………………6
       ⒊法律与正义的相互影响 …………………………………………………………6
     四、正义与法律关系的相对性………………………………………………7
    （一）正义与法律关系的相对性的涵义………………………………………7
    （二）产生正义和法律关系相对性的原因……………………………………8
 ⒈政治原因……………………………………………………………………………8
      ⒉时代原因……………………………………………………………………………9  
      ⒊地域原因……………………………………………………………………………9
 结语…………………………………………………………………………………10
     参考文献 …………………………………………………………………………11
 致谢…………………………………………………………………………………12