汽车悬架和转向Automotive Suspension and Steering

汽车悬架和转向Automotive Suspension and Steering(中文6000字,英文4000字)
转向系统
转向系统有三个主要的子系统:转向连杆、转向器、转向柱和轮子。当方向盘被驾驶员转动时，转向器将此运动传递到转向连杆。转向连杆转动车轮。虽然转向系统有很多种，但是这些组件在所有转向系统中都有。
转向连杆
转向连杆应用于旋转系统，并且连接了放在转向器和连接在前轮和后轮的转向臂之间的部分。转向连杆将转向器的运动转移到转向臂上，转动车轮来操纵车辆。
独立悬架极大地影响了转向几何。大多数客车、许多轻型卡车和日常车辆都有独立的前轮悬架系统。因此，必须使用允许较大车轮运动的转向连杆装置。
<Automotive Suspension and Steering>
 ------JACK ERJAVEC
 STEERING SYSTEMS
A steering system has three major subsystems: the steering linkage, steering gear, and steering column and wheel. As the steering wheel is turned by the driver, the steering gear transfers this motion to the steering linkage.The steering linkage turns the wheels. Although there are many variations to this system, these assemblies are in all steering systems.

STEERING LINKAGE
 The term steering linkage is applied to the system of pivots and connecting parts that is placed between the steering gear and the steering arms attached to the front or rear wheels. The steering linkage transfers the motion of the steering gear to the steering arms, turning the wheels to maneuver the vehicle.
   The type of suspension (independent wheel suspension as compared to a solid front axle) greatly influences steering geometry. Most passenger cars and many light trucks and recreational vehicles have independent front-wheel suspension systems. Therefore, a steering linkage
arrangement that tolerates relatively large wheel movement must be used.