生产控制 Production control

生产控制
介绍
随着上世纪生产体系的广泛发展，生产控制已近发展成为一种复杂的行为。由于这种发展的显著重要性，工艺的新发展自然地起了反应。这就是：和其它的学科相反，生产控制技术已近取得了较大的发展并且可以改变自身去迎合客户使用的特殊类型系统的变化。所有相关的理论将会为生产系统提供完整的控制。为了功能的有效性，每种类型的生产体系必须被明确地计划并且必须有一个控制系统来满足独特的生产系统的需要。除非这些需要都被满足，生产体系将会无效或失败。
这一章的目标是阐明不同种类生产系统的定义，适当地为了有效利用这些生产体系作计划是必要的程序，这种方法适合用于控制生产体系。这一章节也介绍了什么是生产体系和控制的方法应该和长远的方针相一致。
表7.1简单地描述了大范围的团体政策构成了市场、产品和金融目标的基础。另外，金融和市场提供参数用于解释生产体系。适当情况下当生产体系被定义后，特殊的系统可以被确定并且它的细节可以被继续发展。
表7.1描述的方向流程是重要的。虽然流程在大多数联系上是双向的，但是在生产控制和市场及金融功能方面是单向的。如果导致无效生产控制系统可以避免是不必要的，那么这两种场合必定没有相互作用。

Production control
INTRODUCTION
With the widespread development of production systems during the last century,  production control has evolved into a complex activity. Of particular significance in this evolutionary process has been the reactive nature of new developments. That is, contrary to many other disciplines, production control techniques have grown and changed to meet the needs of the specific types of systems in which they are used. No single, all-encompassing theory will provide complete control over all productive systems. In order to function effectively, each type of  production systems must be specifically planned and must have a control system that meets that particular production system’s needs. Unless these requirements are fulfilled , some if not all aspects of the production systems will be ineffective or, more likely, will fail.
The objective of this chapter is to provide an understanding of the various types of production systems, the procedures necessary to properly plan for effective utilization of these production systems, and the methods that are appropriate to control the production systems. The chapter also presents a discussion of how the production system and its planning and method of control should be coordinated with long-range strategic policies of the organization in which they exist (see Figure 7.1).