液压与气压传动的特点及发展应用概况

液压与气压传动的特点及发展应用概况(中文1700字,英文1100字)
1.液压传动有以下优点
1）在同等体积下，液压装置毕电气装置产生更高的动力。再同等功率下，液压装置体积小，重量轻，功率密度大，结构紧凑。液压马达的体积和重量只有同等功率电动机的12%左右。
2）液压装置工作比较平稳。由于重量轻、惯性小、反应快，液压装置易于实现快速启动、制动和频繁的换向。
3）液压装置能在大范围内实现无级调速（调速范围可达2000），它还可以在运行过程中进行调速。
4）液压传动易于自动化，它对液体压力、流量或流动方向易于进行调节或控制。当将液压控制和电气控制、电子控制或气动控制结合起来使用时，整个传动装置能实现复杂的顺序动作，也能方便的实现远程控制。
5）液压装置易于实现过载保护，这是电气传动装置和机械传动装置无法办到的。
6）由于液压元件已经实现了标准化、系列化和通用化，液压系统的设计、制造和使用都比较方便。
7）用液压传动实现直线运动远比用机械传动简单。

The Features and Development History and Application of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Transmutation
1.The advantages of hydraulic transmission
1) A hydraulic system can produce higher power than electrical equipment under the same volume . The hydraulic equipment system has smaller volume , light , high power consistency and compact configuration at a given power . The volume and weight of a hydraulic motor are about 12% of an electric motor .
2) Hydraulic equipment has a good working stability . It is because of light , less inertia , quick response : the hydraulic equipment can realize celerity start-up , brake and frequent change in motion direction .
3) The hydraulic transmission can reach a wide range of speed regulation (with the range of 1:2000), and the speed can also be regulated during the work processing .
4) The hydraulic transmission can easily realize automation and the pressure , flow rate and the flow direction can be regulated and controlled . If we combine it with electric , electron or pneumatic control systems , a more complex transmission system with remote control can be realized .
5) The hydraulic system can protect from over-load easily , which cannot be done by electricity or machine equipment .
6) Because of standardization , series , and all-purpose application ; the hydraulic system is easier in design , fabrication and application .
7) The hydraulic system is easier than machine equipment in doing line motion .