天线倾角规划 Antenna Tilt Planning

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天线倾角规划
蜂窝通信中，覆盖理论、频率复用理论、BSS功能算法理论都是基于一个前提，规则的蜂窝布局。影响蜂窝布局的因素在无线网络规划中主要体现在工程参数的设计上，从无线网络众多基站宏观布局到单个基站位置、天线高度、波瓣宽度、方向、倾角、EIRP等，形成了一个具体的蜂窝状网络。
通常，天线本身性能指标根据无线组网的特点如基站密集程度、宏观覆盖目标来总的进行选取；基站位置结合组网要求和外界客观条件确定后，一般也很少改变；而天线高度、方向和倾角就需要根据前面已定参数和单个小区具体覆盖目标来最终确定。
下面从确定天线高度、方向、倾角以及覆盖目标（小区半径R）入手，分析相互之间关系，并最终给出一定条件下的天线倾角建议值。因无线信号传播与环境密切相关（如高楼密集区损耗，山体、水面或巨型玻璃墙幕反射等会对电波传播产生影响），不一定能适应所有传播环境；但是，在规划时仔细考虑小区蜂窝结构的规则性以及小区覆盖范围和目标，可以为无线网络质量奠定一个十分本质的基础。(毕业设计)

Antenna Tilt Planning
In cellular communication, coverage theory, frequency multiplexing theory and BSS functional algorithm are all based on regular cellular layout. The design of project parameters is the main factor that affects the cellular layout in radio network planning. In a wireless network system, the macro-BTS layout and the actual location of each base station, antenna height, lobe width, direction, tilt angle, and EIRP together form a specific cellular network.
Generally, the performance indexes of the antenna itself are selected according to the radio networking characteristics, such as the base station density and macro coverage goal. Once the location of a base station is determined, it seldom changes. For the antenna height, direction and tilt angle, however, they are finally determined according to the parameters specified previously and the actual coverage goal of a cell.