阿维菌素在土壤中残留及消解行为研究

摘　要：利用反相高效液相色谱法建立在水稻土壤和甘蓝土壤中阿维菌素残留量的检测方法，并试验了阿维菌素在水稻土壤和甘蓝土壤中的残留动态及最终残留量。样品采用甲醇提取，二氯甲烷萃取，反相HPLC—UVD方法测定。该方法的添加回收率为84.9％～95.6％，变异系数为0.55%～2.98%，最低检出浓度为0.001 mg/kg，最低检出量为1.0×10-10g。残留动态试验结果表明，阿维菌素按3倍推荐使用剂量施药，它在水稻土壤和甘蓝土壤的半衰期分别为4.95d和2.56d。
关键词：阿维菌素；土壤；消解动态；残留

Determination and degradation Dynamics of Avermectin Residue in Soil
Abstract: A reversed—phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP—HPLC)method for determination of avermectin in paddy soil and cabbage soil was developed and the degradation dynamics and final residues of avermectin in two kind of soils were estimated.Samples of paddy soil and cabbage soil were extracted by methanol,and further extracted with dichloromethane by liquid—liquid extraction．The analysis was determined by reversed—phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP—HPLC)with UVD.The average recoveries ranged from84.9％ to 95.6％ .with relative standard deviation 0.55%～2.98%.The lowest detectable concentration of avermectin in paddy soil and cabbage soil was 0.001 mg/kg,and the detection limit was 1.0×10-10g.The results of residue dynamics showed that the half lives of avermectin in paddy soil and cabbage soil were 4.95d and 2.56d,respectively,when it was applied to the soil by three recommended dosages．
Key words: avermectin; soil; degradation dynamics; residue

目    录    10000字
摘要    1
关键词    1
1前言    2
1.1阿维菌素简介    2
1.2阿维菌素的理化性质及其应用    2
1.3阿维菌素的残留分析方法    3
1.4阿维菌素在土壤中的消解动态研究    3
1.5选题目的与意义    4
2实验部分    5
2.1仪器与实验材料    5
2.1.1仪器    5
2.1.2试剂    5
2.2实验方法    5
2.2.1田间试验    5
2.2.2最终残留试验    5
2.2.3消解动态试验    6
2.2.4土壤残留与动态消解的预处理    6
2.2.5阿维菌素的分析条件    6
2.2.6标准曲线的绘制    6
2.2.7方法的准确度与精密度    8
2.2.8最低检测浓度    10
3结果与讨论    10
3.1阿维菌素在水稻土壤和甘蓝土壤中的最终残留    10
3.1.1阿维菌素在水稻土壤中的最终残留    10
3.1.2阿维菌素在甘蓝土壤中的最终残留    11
3.2阿维菌素在水稻土壤和甘蓝土壤中的消解动态    11
3.2.1阿维菌素在水稻土壤中的消解动态    11
3.2.2阿维菌素在甘蓝土壤中的消解动态    12
3.3阿维菌素在两种土壤中残留与消解的比较    12
3.3.1阿维菌素在两种土壤的残留比较    12
3.3.2阿维菌素在两种土壤的消解比较    13
3结论    13
参考文献    14
致谢    15