温度对扶桑绵粉蚧的影响(9000字)
摘 要：在18℃、22℃、25℃、28℃、33℃，5种不同温度条件下，观察温度对扶桑绵粉蚧（Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley）生长发育、存活率及产卵量的影响。掌握扶桑绵粉蚧不同发育阶段的存活率、产卵量与温度的关系，了解温度对扶桑绵粉蚧种群动态的影响，组建相应温度条件下该虫种群动态变化表。实验结果表明：扶桑绵粉蚧卵、若虫、蛹、世代发育起点温度分别为：8.56℃、9.58℃、11.76℃、10.86℃，有效积温分别为432.25、556.76、785.66、1425.65日度。扶桑绵粉蚧雌成虫存活率随温度升高逐渐下降，高温对成虫产卵有一定抑制作用，持续较高温度处理成虫，其产卵量显著降低；在22℃～28℃温度范围内，扶桑绵粉蚧各虫态的发育历期随温度的升高而缩短，存活率随温度的升高而增大；扶桑绵粉蚧成虫生长发育的最适温度为25℃～28℃，卵的孵化和发育的最适变温组合是29~23℃，在29~23℃以上的温度波动对卵的发育速率有增速作用，而在29~23℃以下的温度波动对卵的发育速率有减速作用。
关键词：扶桑绵粉蚧；温度；影响
Effects of alternate temperature Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley
Abstract：Experimental population of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley was observed in terms of development, the survival rate under different temperatures,18 ℃, 22 ℃, 25℃, 28℃ or 33℃, and effects of alternate temperature on eggs per female.Grasp Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsiley between developmentrate, survival rate , eggs per and temperature relationship.Find out effects of alternate temperature on Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley developments and based on which its life table was set up. The results showed that the threshold temperatures for the development of ovum, nymphal, preoviposition and a generation of the Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley were8.56 ℃, 9.58 ℃, 11.76 ℃ and 10.86 ℃, and the effective cumulative temperatures were 432.25 degree day, 556.76 degree day, 785.66 degree day and 1425.65 degree day, respectively.The results indicated the higher the alternate temperature was,the lower the survival rate was.And the number of eggs laid by per female had the same trend but in a less extents, the developmental rate and the survival rate increased with the temperatures from 22℃ to 28 ℃.The suitable temperature for development of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley was found to be between 25 ℃ to 28 ℃.The alternate temperature(29~23℃)was considered as the best temperature based on the development rate and the survival rate of the development rate of eggs;The alternation in a low temperature range(below the alternate temperature 29~23℃)could slow down the development rate of eggs.However the alternation in a high temperature (above the alternate temperature 29~23℃)range could accelerate the development rate of eggs.
Key words：Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley;temperature;effects
目 录
摘 要 1
关键词 1
Abstract 1
Key words 2
1 前言 2
2 材料与方法 3
2.1 供试虫源 3
2.2 试验条件 3
2.3 试验方法 3
2.4 各虫态发育起点温度与有效积温的测定 4
2.5 组建实验种群生命表 5
3 结果与分析 5
3.1 温度对扶桑绵粉蚧各虫态发育历期的影响 5
3.2 不同温度对扶桑绵粉蚧成虫存活率的影响 6
3.3 不同温度对扶桑绵粉蚧雌成虫产卵的影响 7
3.4 不同温度对扶桑绵粉蚧卵孵化率的影响 7
3.5 不同温度对扶桑绵粉蚧卵发育速率的影响 8
3.6 扶桑绵粉蚧各虫态发育起点温度和有效积温的测定 9
3.7 不同温度下的实验种群生命表 9
4 结论与讨论 11
4.1温度对扶桑绵粉蚧生长发育的影响 11
4.2温度对扶桑绵粉蚧存活率的影响 12
4.3温度对扶桑绵粉蚧产卵量的影响 12
4.4温度对扶桑绵粉蚧卵孵化的影响 12
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
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