论FOB项下出口商的风险及其防范

论FOB项下出口商的风险及其防范
摘    要
贸易术语是国际货物买卖合同中不可缺少的重要内容。 在国际货物买卖过程中，有关交易双方责任和义务的划分,是一个十分重要的问题。为了明确交易双方在货物交接过程中，有关风险，责任和费用的划分，交易双方在洽商交易和订立合同时，都要具体说明清楚。目前,我国出口合同以FOB价格条款成交的比例越来越大.本论文将简略地介绍FOB项下买卖双方各自承担的基本义务以及在我国的使用情况。FOB方式出口出口商面临的风险：保险风险；船货衔接的风险；买方指定承运人的风险；提单的风险；结算方式的风险以及相应的防范措施。

【关键词】FOB   风险    保险  支付方式    提单

Abstract
Trade terms is the dispensable part in the export contract for commodity.  It is very important to define the obligations and duties of the buyer and the seller in the process of doing business. In order to smooth transact, the two parties shall specify the risks, duties and fares when negotiating and signing the contract. At present, the proportion of export contract, using FOB is more and more big. In this thesis, the author roughly represents the two parties’ basic obligations relatively and how is FOB used in China and the risks the exporters will encounter---- insurance risk, the risk whether the buyer to pick up the goods timely, the risk whether the carrier designated by buyer is accountable, the risk of Bill of Lading and the risk of payment. Finally, the thesis discusses how to take precautions to avoid the above-mentioned risks.

【Key Words】FOB；Risk；Insurance；Terms Of  Payment； Bill Of
Lading

目   录
1  FOB术语概述    2
1.1  买卖双方各自承担的基本义务    2
1.2  FOB在我国的使用情况    3
2 相关案例    3
2.1  案情介绍    3
2.2  案情分析    4
3  FOB术语下出口商面临的风险    4
3.1  由仓库到装运港船舷前“保险空白”导致的风险    4
3.2  船货衔接的风险    5
3.3  买方指定无船承运人的风险    5
3.4  提单上对托运人和收货人的记载导致的风险    6
3.5   结算方式的风险    6
4  出口商所采取的相应的防范措施    7
4.1  “保险空白”的防范    7
4.2  注意船货衔接的风险    7
4.3  规避买方指定无船承运人的风险    8
4.4   避免使用“记名提单”    8
4.5  尽量争取L／C结算方式    9
参考文献    11
致谢    12