跨国汽车企业进入对民族汽车工业的冲击
摘 要
跨国汽车公司进行增资、重组、合资，先后有丰田、福特、本田、PSA标致雪铁龙、现代、菲亚特、宝马等跨国汽车品牌巨头进军中国，中国市场已经成为跨国汽车公司新的利润增长点。由于我国现行汽车产业政策的限制，跨国公司进入中国汽车整车制造领域，必须与中国企业合资，在我国都寻找合资伙伴，并通过合资企业实现其全球战略，使中国成为其全球战略的组成部分。
外方母公司逐步将中国境内的独资、合资企业纳入其全球分工体系，并通过技术控制使中国汽车产业“井喷”的利润的大部分落入外方。在中外合资整车企业，目前一律由外方提供车型。外方控制合资企业的技术部门，控制产品配套、零部件认证权。整车销售渠道、维修保养、零配件售后市场、金融代理、培训人员正在成为跨国公司新的巨额利润来源。我国极有可能在较长时期被跨国公司锁定在“组装”环节，处于全球汽车产业链的利润的最低端。
[关键词] 汽车品牌；零部件；全球汽车产业链
Abstract
Masses of transnational car Corporations have carried on increasing its capital, reshuffling and joining venture, such as Toyota and Ford, Honda and PSA pretty Citroen, Modern, FIAT, Precious Horse and so on. All these multinational automobile trademark tycoons march to China; Chinese market has become the new increasing point of profit for multinational car Corporation. Because of the restriction of the current automobile industrial policy of our country, before entering Chinese automobile truckload production field ,transnational corporation must join venture with Chinese enterprise, seek the partner to join venture in our country , and realize its global strategy through joint ventures, make the Chinese the constituted part of its worldwide strategy .
Foreign parent company will fit solely invested and joint ventures in Chinese boundary into its global system of division of labors step by step, and make most of the profit in Chinese automobile industrial’s “blowout " fall into foreigners through technical controlling. In the Chinese and foreign truckload enterprise of join venture, vehicle types are only offered by foreigners. The foreigners control the Technical Division of joint ventures, so as the set of production, component certification right. Truckload sale, mending and maintenance, accessory parts after sold, financial agency and training people are becoming the new a huge sum of profit source of transnational corporation. Our country has the possibility of locked in the link of " assembly " by transnational corporation for a long time, and to be in the minimum point of the profit of global automobile industrial chain.
[ keyword ] Automobile trademark; Component;
Global automobile industrial chain
目 录
引言 2
1 民族汽车业落后的原因分析 3
1.1历史原因导致民族汽车业的落后 3
1.2体制和官本主义导致民族汽车业发展缓慢 4
1.3汽车行业结构的限制 5
2 跨国汽车企业进入对民族汽车业的冲击 7
2.1影响民族弱势品牌的竞争力 7
2.2汽车零部件全球采购，本土企业面临淘汰 9
2.3汽车产业重组外企和合资企业吞噬民族工业 10
3 应对跨国汽车企业冲击的对策 12
3.1改变旧有汽车产业格局，提高价值链 12
3.2摆脱汽车核心技术依赖，增大研发创新 13
3.3汽车工业民族化，发展民族汽车特色产业集群 14
结束语 15
参考文献 16
致 谢 17 |
